A urologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats diseases of the urinary tract in both men and women. Urologists also specialize in treating conditions of the male reproductive tract. Occasionally, a urologist may even perform surgery to remove certain cancers or blockages from the urinary tract.

What conditions do urologists treat?

Urologists treat many conditions of the urinary tract in men, women, and children. Some common and overlapping conditions treated include:Blockages or other problems of the urinary tractCancers of the bladder and adrenal glandsKidney stonesUrinary tract infections (UTIs)

What procedures do urologists perform?

From diagnostic tests to surgery, urologists perform a wide range of procedures, including:Imaging — CT scans, MRI scans, or ultrasounds to see inside your urinary tractCystograms — x-ray imaging of your bladderCystoscopy— a thin scope used to see inside your urethra and bladderUrine tests — used to check for bacteria that cause infectionsSome surgeries your urologist may perform include:Biopsies — used to test tissues from the bladder, kidneys, or prostate for diseaseCystectomy — a surgery to remove the bladder to treat cancerKidney transplant — a surgery to replace a diseased kidney with a healthy oneSurgery to open blockages, repair damage, or correct malformed organsProstatectomy — a surgery where part of the prostate is removed to treat cancerVasectomy— a surgery for men used to prevent pregnancy

When should I go to a urologist?

Depending on your condition, your primary care physician may refer you to a urologist if you have the following persistent symptoms:Blood in your urineErectile dysfunctionPainful urinationPelvic organ prolapsePelvic pain that radiates to your lower backTrouble emptying or controlling your bladderFor men over 40, it’s also common to schedule regular visits to a urologist to have their prostates checked.

What can I expect during my urology appointment?

To start your appointment, your urologist will typically perform a physical exam while asking questions about your medical history and your current symptoms. Your urologist may also order urine, blood, or imaging tests to help diagnose your condition. Depending on your condition, your urologist will then discuss the treatment options available to you, which may include a referral to a surgeon who specializes in the procedure used to treat your condition.

What questions should I ask my urologist?

It’s important to show up to your urology appointment prepared. To help you get started, we’ve included some great questions to ask your urologist.For general questions, ask:What might be causing my symptoms?Do you have any experience treating my condition?How many times a day is healthy to be urinating?How can I keep my urinary tract healthy?For men, ask:When and how often do I need to get my prostate checked?How do I know if I have erectile dysfunction?For women, ask:Is urinary incontinence normal?Do a lot of women suffer from pelvic pain?While these questions are a good place to start, it’s important to write down any concerns you may have about your symptoms and share those with your urologist.

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Urologist Frequently Asked Questions

What conditions do urologists treat?

What procedures do urologists perform?

When should I go to a urologist?

What can I expect during my urology appointment?

What questions should I ask my urologist?